Stoichiometric Oxygen-Hydrogen (SOH) Gas Composition, Modified OH (MOH) Gas Fuel

Modified Oxy-Hydrogen (MOH) Gas Fuel - the ideal fuel of the future

Here is a short presentation of several scientific discoveries and inventions, made by the research team of Grainis ltd. Hydrogen Bulgaria, during it's R&D work since 2005, on low-cost generation of Hydrogen and Stoichiometric Oxygen-Hydrogen / SOH  (OH, HHO, Brown's Gas) fuels, by a special method of low-power-consuming ( 0.4Wh/L / 0.9kWh/kg OH,  12.3kWh/44.3MJ/kg Pure Hydrogen - H2 ), Modified Water Electrolysis.

This cell was tested hundreds of times for the last years, by us and by our Guests - Engineers, Scientists, Interested Investors, visiting us from around the globe.

The 0.4Wh/L OH power-consumption result, is about 10 times lower than the regular power rate of all the mass-produced SOH Gas Generators across the world today. 

TECHNOLOGY EXPLANATION.

If you switch on the power of a simple electrolysis cell, you'll see how bubbles start to come immediately out of the electrodes. 

But when you SWITCH OFF the power, you'll see a little DELAY - for about a second, of the end of the bubbles' production. 

THIS SECOND is our BENEFIT.  

There is no power supplied, but the SOH gas production goes on, thanks to the previously "charged" electrodes. 

Our method uses the unique property of the electrode plates in our electrolysis cell, to be Polarized, or "Charged" during the water-electrolysis process, with Electromagnetic Concentrated Polarization, for less than a millisecond, by application a special super-critical pulse-peak current modulation, produced by combined Pulse-Width Modulation, Pulse-Switch Modulation and Peak-Current-Modulation Electronic Devices.

A short, high-frequency peak-power impulse is aplied to the plates for less than a millisecond, then the power is being SWITCHED-OFF, but the SOH Gas production GOES ON for about 100-200 milliseconds ahead, thanks to the previously "charged" Cell's electrode plates, during the powered part of the cycle. 

The cycle repeats several times per a second.

So for the majority of the process time, we produce SOH Gas actually WITHOUT any power supply, but thanks to the Concentrated Electromagnetic Polarization of the plates, allowing SOH gas to be produced "by inertia", for a tiny part of the second . 

That's where this great economy of power supply comes from.

There is absolutely no violation of any physic's law, because we do not receive more energy than we apply, at all.

The complexity of the electrolysis cell's pulsing and on/off-switching current and frequency-modulated power supply, are the reason and obstacle for precise measuring the cell's specific electrode potentials, which vary in wide range between -0.5eV -1.7eV and wider, depending on the specific conditions for the moment.

The Stoichiometric Oxygen-Hydrogen (SOH) Gas has the lowest own flame temperature - only 140 deg.C, but it can heat, melt and boil-up various refractory materials called UHTC, as ZrO2, ZrC, Ta4HfC5, etc., up to ultrahigh temperatures (>6,000 deg.C - 3 times the Hydrogen flame's temp).

SOH Gas can also weld various incompatible materials together, as steel with ceramic, glass with ceramic, different ceramics and carbides together, etc. 

The reason for this extreme behavior is that the SOH gas is electrically conductive, or it is Ionized Gas (Cold PLASMA).

Combining both highly-effective properties - the Low-power water electrolysis and the Ultrahigh heating, performed by the SOH's gas-plasma flame, the Grainis' team invented and designed a unique Autonomous SOH Gas-Power Plant and a MOH Gas-Fuel Plant, consuming only water. 

The only waste is clean water too. Zero harmful emissions emitted. 100% clean and renewable power and fuel generation.

Power, heat (cold) and fuels' production, based on this method, is extremely cost-effective.
The Autonomous SOH Power Plant can also produce Fuel Cell - quality Pure Hydrogen and Oxygen at a cost, close to zero.

The ultrahigh-temperature property of the OH gas is widely used today in various high-temp clean-welding and heating applications. It is also perfect for full-blast high-temp combustion, total destruction and de-activation of all kinds of wastes, incl. hazardous ones. Combustion process can be combined with parallel power and clean-fuel generation.

MOH / Ohmasa Gas.

Grainis ltd. was also involved in researches of a special kind of Modified Oxygen-Hydrogen (MOH)Stoichiometric Gas Mixture, produced by an additional, Ultrasonic Activation of the electrolyte, in the process of water electrolysis. The result was a new gas generation, with new amazing properties.
Unlike the regular Oxy-Hydrogen (OH), the new Modified OH gas (MOH) can be safely compressed, liquefied, filled and stored for years in standard CNG and LNG bottles and tanks. Also, MOH can be injected directly and can burn as a single fuel in all kinds of Internal Combustion Engines ( ICEs ), Gas Turbines, Jet and Rocket Engines.

MOH gas is low-flammable, cannot be ignited by a spark, and no drawbacks as leakage, permeation, diffusion and embrittlement have beeen observed at all, as it happens usually with the pure hydrogen.
MOH is a highly dense fuel - 1m3 of liquid MOH contains 2.5 times more kg of hydrogen (167 kg) than 1m3 liquid hydrogen alone (70 kg) !
All these properties make this gas an ideal fuel.
A similar gas was patented as "Ohmasa Gas" in 2011 by the outstanding Japanese scientists Dr. Ryushin Omasa.

Patent : http://www.patentsencyclopedia.com/app/20110139630#ixzz3LOxSiPwy
Video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NUPE0Z9V82E

The main difference between our MOH gas and the Ohmasa Gas is, that unlike the Grainis power-autonomous method, Omasa's gas production is GRID-powered, which makes it's cost extremely high.

Instead of being an ideal fuel and a perfect energy storage, MOH gas is also a Safe Storage for Pure Hydrogen, used as a fuel for Hydrogen Fuel Cells power generation. Pure Hydrogen and Oxygen can be easily extracted out of compressed or liquefied MOH (LMOH) gas, on-board, on-demand, and separated by a simple molecular sieve, then applied for Electric Power Generation, using Hydrogen Fuel Cell.

This way the expensive, heavy and dangerous 700-bar compressed-hydrogen Type-4 Tanks, used in the FCEV cars as Toyota Mirai, Honda FCV Clarity, Hyundai Tucson, etc., could be replaced with safe 1-bar-compressed Liquid-MOH tanks.

Instead of being safe, MOH is 100 times cheaper than the hydrogen - $0.10/kg MOH vs $10/kg H2.

Instead on-board application, MOH-Hydrogen Fuel Cell power generation could be used for compact and noiseless on-land-stationary power&heat&fuel generation options too - see the picture below.

Pure Hydrogen, produced by an Autonomous OH Power Plant, can be also used as a valuable feedstock for traditional Hydrocarbon Fuels' production as Diesel, Gasoline, Ethanol, Methanol, Methane, LPG, DME, etc., and chemical raw materials as Ethylene, Propylene, Fertilizers, etc. products, using the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) Cycle, at an extremely low cost.

MOH GAS IC-ENGINES FUEL APPLICATIONS.

MOH GAS can be used as a sole fuel, as it is, for combustion in various Internal Combustion Engines.

A good option is application of MOH Gas for fueling a super-compact Rotary Engine ( www.liquidpiston.com ).

MOH-GAS FUELED GAS-TURBINE POWER GENERATION

The MOH Gas could be used for direct-injection fueling of various IC Engines and Gas Turbines. 

Gas turbines perform the best power-to-weight ratio.

For example, her is a picture of such a gas turbine :

As seen on the picture, a 4,000 horse power gas turbine is sized only 1.3 x 1 x 0.9 m - a similar size as a standard IC Engine ( which however is 40 times less powerful ).

Of course, this high power will require a lot of MOH gas fuel, but fortunately, our MOH technology offers an abundant and unlimited source of an extremely dense fuel, produced out of water, at a very low cost, close to zero pence.

Fuel Cells are Expensive, Large and Heavy (6kg/kW), with short lifespan ( 20,000 hrs for Ballard and Horizon / HES ). 

Gas-Turbines are Cheaper, Compact, with best weight-to-power and size-to-power ratio, and withUnlimited Lifespan. 

They can be used both for onboard Power Generation and driving Electric Motor(s), or just by transmitting the Turbine Shaft's  Rotation directly to the wheels, through a regular Gearbox .

The MOH Gas Fuel these turbines use, is 100 times cheaper than the retail H2's price.

MOH can be compressed much more safely (200bar) and liquefied much more easily, at a much higher temperature (1bar/-178deg.C) than the H2 (-253deg.C) . 

MOH doesn't perform Embrittlement as H2 does.

All the above mentioned shows, that MOH is a much better fuel and energy storage solution than Hydrogen

The MOH-Fueled, Gas-Turbine technology is very suitable for application in Powerful Vehicles as Trucks, Locomotives, Boats/Ships, Airplanes.

Here is an example diagram of a Gas-Electric Semi-Truck, with a Gas-Turbine Power-Generator (GTPG), fueled by Liquid MOH (LMOH) Gas, stored in 3 x 300L LNG bottles. Electric power, produced by the GTPG,feeds two powerful electric motors, which drive the truck.

With this volume of LMOH loaded onboard, the semi-truck could run more than 3,000 miles.

Also, this truck could be used as a Stationary Power / Heat Plant, if needed (emergency or else).

A small, compact, 20-foot Container-sized MOH Gas Refinery / Fueling Station, could be installed everywhere and supplied by a water source, for non-stop MOH Gas production.

This is a small Japanese Gas-Turbine-Generator, 500W power, created for robot, drone, etc. applications. Only one rotating part. Could be scaled up to 30, 60, 100kW and more, by enlarging the size 5, 10, 15-fold, to be used as a Direct or PneumaticPowertrain, or as Electric Generator in Cars and else vehicles or stationary power generation equipment. Could be fueled by MOH Gas at a cost, close to zero. Could be much cheaper for purchase and maintenance, lightweight and none-dependent on the climate/temperature conditions than the Fuel Cells. http://newenergyandfuel.com
This kind of a super-compact fueling and propulsion option can be applied in various aircraft as drones, flying cars, airplanes.
For example, a drone, driven by a compact gas-turbine, fueled by liquefied MOH (LMOH) Gas, could fly for several thousand miles with a half ton load, with a single charge with 200 liters of LMOH .

COAL-TO-GAS CONVERSION of Coal-Fired Power Plants to burn Clean SOH Gas Fuel

Coal-Fired, and many other Fossil-Fuels-Fired Power Plants around the globe, were recently been prepared for phasing out, mainly due to their air-polluting and greenhouse-gas global warming effect .

However, all these facilities are consisted of extremely expensive and valuable equipment for million dollarsand if we could offer a sustainable way for replacing their polluting fuel with some 100% clean and renewable one, we could save these assets and go on using them for long years ahead.

Fortunately, our team offers such an option, by introducing the Stoichiometric Oxygen-Hydrogen (SOH) Gas Mixture as the best possible alternative to the fossil fuels. 

SOH is being produced on-site, out of water, by a unique low-power technology, at a cost, close to zero.

Every Fossil-Fuel-Fired Power Plant could be converted on SOH Gas Fuel, for not only Combined Power & Heat Generation, but also for producing Universal Clean Fuel - the Modified OH (MOH) Gas, or Basalt-Fiber Composites ( https://basalt.alle.bg ), or else highly demanded materials. Thus the newly-converted Power Plant will generate times larger incomes than during its fossil past.

https://coal-to-gas.alle.bg

Basalt-Fiber and Composites Production, SOH-Gas - Assisted.

Another amazing application of the ultrahigh-temperature performed by the SOH Gas, is the thermal-shock Basalt Rock Mining; 1,400 deg.C-melting; drawing 10-micron-thin, continuous Basalt-Fibers ;  weaving the fibers into fabrics, ropes, sleeves, etc., welding the fabrics' fibers together by the help of the SOH Gas again, into a super-strong, super-lightweight and super-cheap "Bone Structures", and production of various kinds of Basalt-Fiber Composite (BFC) panels, boards, profiles, pipes, etc. assembly-modular elements, out of this bone structure material ( https://basalt.alle.bg ). These elements will be perfect for building highly-affordable assembly-modular houses ( https://passive-house.alle.bg ) and else low-cost buildings, roads ( https://flyroad.alle.bg ), bridges, tunnels, pipelines, ocean platforms and artificial islands ( https://floatland.alle.bg ), etc.  BFC could be also 3D-Printed for creating unique shapes, which areimpossible to be produced with else technologies.  

CONTACT :
Grainis ltd. Hydrogen Bulgaria , 

EU PIN : BG201749079
5 Gen. Edward Totleben blvd., 1606 Sofia, Bulgaria,
tel. +359 899 171570 (En, 9AM-10PM EEST) ,
grainis@abv.bg, grainisbg@gmail.com
https://fuels.alle.bg